J/ApJ/793/101           CANDELS z~2 galaxy properties             (Trump+, 2014)
================================================================================
No more active galactic nuclei in clumpy disks than in smooth galaxies at z~2
in CANDELS/3D-HST.
    Trump J.R., Barro G., Juneau S., Weiner B.J., Luo B., Brammer G.B.,
    Bell E.F., Brandt W.N., Dekel A., Guo Y., Hopkins P.F., Koo D.C.,
    Kocevski D.D., McIntosh D.H., Momcheva I., Faber S.M., Ferguson H.C.,
    Grogin N.A., Kartaltepe J., Koekemoer A.M., Lotz J., Maseda M., Mozena M.,
    Nandra K., Rosario D.J., Zeimann G.R.
   <Astrophys. J., 793, 101 (2014)>
   =2014ApJ...793..101T    (SIMBAD/NED BibCode)
================================================================================
ADC_Keywords: Galaxy catalogs ; Active gal. nuclei ; Redshifts ;
              Photometry, H-beta
Keywords: galaxies: active - galaxies: nuclei - galaxies: Seyfert -
          galaxies: structure

Abstract:
    We use CANDELS imaging, 3D-HST spectroscopy, and Chandra X-ray data to
    investigate if active galactic nuclei (AGNs) are preferentially fueled
    by violent disk instabilities funneling gas into galaxy centers at
    1.3<z<2.4. We select galaxies undergoing gravitational instabilities
    using the number of clumps and degree of patchiness as proxies. The
    CANDELS visual classification system is used to identify 44 clumpy
    disk galaxies, along with mass-matched comparison samples of smooth
    and intermediate morphology galaxies. We note that despite being
    mass-matched and having similar star formation rates, the smoother
    galaxies tend to be smaller disks with more prominent bulges compared
    to the clumpy galaxies. The lack of smooth extended disks is probably
    a general feature of the z~2 galaxy population, and means we cannot
    directly compare with the clumpy and smooth extended disks observed at
    lower redshift. We find that z~2 clumpy galaxies have slightly
    enhanced AGN fractions selected by integrated line ratios (in the
    mass-excitation method), but the spatially resolved line ratios
    indicate this is likely due to extended phenomena rather than nuclear
    AGNs. Meanwhile, the X-ray data show that clumpy, smooth, and
    intermediate galaxies have nearly indistinguishable AGN fractions
    derived from both individual detections and stacked non-detections.
    The data demonstrate that AGN fueling modes at z~1.85 - whether
    violent disk instabilities or secular processes - are as efficient in
    smooth galaxies as they are in clumpy galaxies.

Description:
    We select a sample of 44 clumpy galaxies from the Great Observatories
    Origins Deep Survey South (GOODS-S; Giavalisco et al.
    2004ApJ...600L..93G, Cat. II/261) region of CANDELS. For comparison,
    we also construct mass-matched samples of 41 smooth (non-clumpy) and
    35 intermediate galaxies. All galaxies have H<24 (to ensure reliable
    classification of clumpiness) and have [O III] detected at the
    3{sigma} level (for reliable AGN line ratio diagnostics) in the
    redshift range 1.3<z<2.4. Each morphology category has a median
    redshift of z=1.85. Redshifts and emission line measurements come from
    HST/WFC3 grism spectroscopy taken by the 3D-HST survey (Brammer et al.
    2012ApJS..200...13B).

File Summary:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 FileName      Lrecl  Records   Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
ReadMe            80        .   This file
table1.dat        79      121   Galaxy Properties
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

See also:
 II/261        : GOODS initial results (Giavalisco+, 2004)
 J/ApJS/195/10 : The CDF-S survey: 4Ms source catalogs (Xue+, 2011)
 J/ApJS/203/24 : Structural parameters of galaxies in CANDELS
                                                            (van der Wel+, 2012)
 J/ApJS/207/24 : GOODS-S CANDELS multiwavelength catalog (Guo+, 2013)
 J/ApJS/214/24 : 3D-HST+CANDELS catalog (Skelton+, 2014)
 J/ApJ/801/97  : GOODS-S + UDS stellar mass catalogs from CANDELS
                                                                (Santini+, 2015)

Byte-by-byte Description of file: table1.dat
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   Bytes Format Units        Label   Explanations
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
   1-  5  I5    ---          ID      CANDELS identifier (NNNNN) from 
                                      Guo et al., 2013, J/ApJS/207/24
       7  A1    ---        f_ID      [ab] Flag on ID (1)
   9- 16  A8    ---          Class   Morphology classification
  18- 28  F11.8 deg          RAdeg   Right Ascension in decimal degrees (J2000)
  30- 41  F12.8 deg          DEdeg   Declination in decimal degrees (J2000)
  43- 46  F4.2  ---          z       Redshift
      48  A1    ---        l_Hb      Upper limit flag on Hb
  49- 54  F6.2  10-21W/m2    Hb      H{beta} line flux; 1e-18 erg/s/cm^2^ (2)
  56- 60  F5.2  10-21W/m2  e_Hb      Error in H{beta} (2)
  62- 67  F6.2  10-21W/m2    O3      The [OIII] (5007{AA}) line flux;
                                      1e-18 erg/s/cm^2^
  69- 73  F5.2  10-21W/m2  e_O3      Error in O3
  75- 79  F5.2  [Msun]       logMass Log stellar mass
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Note (1): Flag as follows:
  a = X-ray detected, but in the soft band only and consistent with emission
      from a star-forming galaxy (Xue et al. 2011, J/ApJS/195/10).
  b = X-ray detected and classified as an AGN by Xue et al.
      (2011, J/ApJS/195/10).
Note (2): A line ratio error of zero indicate a 1{sigma} upper limit.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

History:
    From electronic version of the journal

================================================================================
(End)              Prepared by [AAS], Tiphaine Pouvreau [CDS]        19-Apr-2017